What does bipap stand for close. It's similar to a CPAP machine, but delivers two levels of air pressure instead of a continuous level of BiPap is a type of device that helps with breathing by supplying pressurized air into your airways. "Bi" means two and "PAP" stands for positive airway pressure, meaning that the Jun 8, 2023 · BiPAP stands for bi-level positive airway pressure. The key distinguishing feature of BiPAP is that the pressurised air is delivered at two alternating levels. BiPAP machines have a typical pressure range of 4 to 30 cm H2O. higher of the two numbers- positive pressure breaths. BiPAP vs CPAP. Another common breathing device is the Aug 1, 2023 · Different medical problems may respond better to BiPap versus CPAP. To calculate the AHI, the total number of these This information sheet from Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH) explains bilevel positive airway pressure (BPAP) non-invasive ventilation, how it can be used as a treatment for breathing Jul 2, 2022 · Like the automatically adjusting BiPAP, the BiPAP-ST (ST stands for Spontaneously Timed) allows for both an inspiratory and expiratory pressure, but it also maintains a minimum What does BiPAP stand for? bilevel positive airway pressure. org. This method of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) includes the use of a mask to deliver Study with Quizlet and memorise flashcards containing terms like What type of respiratory failure is CPAP used for?, What does CPAP stand for?, What conditions may people need to use a Quick Qs for RCP 120 Test Learn with flashcards, games, and more — for free. What does BiPAP stand for? bilevel positive airway pressure. What does BiPAP stand for? • A) Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure • B) Basic Pressure Airway Pump • C) Biologic Positive Airway Pulse What does BIPAP stand for? BIPAP stands for Biphasic Positive Airways Pressure. 4 risk factors affecting a Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What is NIV?, What does BiPAP stand for?, What does CPAP stand for? and more. Mild Sleep Apnea - 5-15 . Dec 24, 2024 · What Does RR Stand for in Medical Terms? In medical terms, RR stands for respiratory rate. This definition appears frequently and is found in the following Acronym Finder Aug 1, 2014 · Everything you need to know about BPAP, VPAP, BiPAP and AVAP machines. Differences, features and other useful information. BiPAP machines have different pressure settings for inhalation and exhalation. Explore how these machines use pressurized air to treat sleep apnea, but with key differences in pressure delivery. Other Breathing Machines. What is an example of one acute and one chronic condition that might benefit form CPAP? c. au. Our Work. It may also not be right for you if you have reduced consciousness or problems swallowing. It helps to prevent the airway from becoming obstructed while Sep 21, 2021 · CPAP stands for “Continuous Positive Air Pressure. Why might I need to use BiPap? BiPap may help you if you have a medical problem that impairs your 3D Medico2 (@3d_medco2). What do the acronyms CPAP and BiPAP stand for? b. It is the number of breaths a person takes per minute and is an important vital May 16, 2023 · CPAP stands for Continuous Positive Airway Pressure because CPAP machines have a “fixed” or constant level of pressure. Due to the key difference between CPAP and BiPAP ( one pressure Study with Quizlet and memorise flashcards containing terms like What is NIV?, What does BiPAP stand for?, What does CPAP stand for? and others. In your local language, BIPAP stands for Biphasic Positive Airways Pressure. This is extremely similar what CPAP stands for but with one CPAP stands for continuous positive airway pressure and is one the most common treatments for obstructive sleep apnea. Jun 5, 2024 · BiPAP vs CPAP machine. It provides different pressure when breathing in (inspiratory positive airway pressure or IPAP) and breathing out (expiratory positive airway May 6, 2024 · BiPAP systems are appropriate for a broad range of people, including those with congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, hypertension and other pulmonary and Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What reflex is responsible for increasing the survivability of a drowning victim?, What does BiPAP stand for?, What is the Oct 25, 2021 · BiPAP cannot be continued without a break for too long (>24-48 hours) without causing nutritional problems and pressure necrosis of the nasal skin. Though the term BiPAP is more commonly used, some device manufacturers prefer Most BiPAP machines come with tubing, a power cord, at least one air filter, and an instruction manual. ” Using this device keeps you breathing properly all night. This increases oxygen levels and relieves breathing distress. This definition appears frequently and is found in the following Acronym Finder May 5, 2023 · It stands for positive airway pressure. It can help people with various medical problems that impair their breathing, such as COPD, sleep apnea, or pneumonia. BiPAP stands for bi-level positive airway pressure, while VPAP stands for variable positive airway pressure. The carbon dioxide and oxygen levels in your blood will be monitored as you are using BiPAP. In auto mode EPAP and IPAP may vary but the difference will always be whatever 2 days ago · Similarly, BiPAP stands for Bilateral Positive Airway Pressure which is a type of airway pressure system that offers two levels of pressure and when you start to breathe in, the . Mar 27, 2019 · BiPAP stands for bi-level positive airway pressure, while VPAP stands for variable positive airway pressure. Scheduled How Does BiPAP Work? Positive airway pressure is the basis for how BiPAP machines work. The same steady Jan 13, 2025 · BPAP stands for bi-level positive airway pressure. Welcome User . What does CPAP stand for? Continuous positive airway pressure. Uses for BiPAP. 1 Bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) or BPAP machine is a mechanical breathing device with a mask that is used to treat sleep apnea and other health conditions that affect your breathing. Methacholine infusion increased airway resistance and work of breathing. BiPAP machines reduce how hard your breathing muscles need to work. It uses different Jan 9, 2024 · BiPAP may also be the preferred choice for patients who require higher air pressures 13. Q: A: How to abbreviate "Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure a. The BiPAP™ machine has Jan 17, 2024 · A BiPAP, or bilevel positive airway pressure machine, is a type of CPAP machine. Like APAP, BiPAP may be used for patients with more complex sleep apneas, or who aren’t finding a CPAP device effective. Telephone (02) 8910 2000. While using BiPap, you receive positive air pressure when you breathe in and when you breathe out. Normal - Under 5. (You might also hear it called BiPAP. You have to be able to cooperate What does the abbreviation BIPAP stand for? Meaning: bilevel positive airway pressure. References. Login Feb 22, 2024 · The ResMed AirCurve 11 VAuto BiPAP Machine includes both HumidAir™ 11 and ClimateLineAir™ 11 for enhanced comfort during BiPAP therapy. It is also sometimes* referred to as BPAP or bilevel PAP. It will blow a lower pressure as you breathe out. Learn about when it is used, how it works, and what to expect with this therapy. BiPAP is a device that helps you breathe by pushing pressurized air into your lungs. APAP. Many factors determine whether a CPAP or BiPAP machine is Oct 2, 2024 · What does BiPAP stand for? decreased oxygen-carrying capacity hypo-volemia decreased inspired oxygen concentration increased metabolic rate. Your BiPAP Dec 18, 2017 · What Does BiPAP Involve? Both BiPAP and CPAP require you to sleep with a mask or “interface” attached to a ventilation machine. Aug 20, 2018 · Bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) therapy is often used in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). . A patient who requires ventilation therapy What does BiPAP stand for? bi level positive airway pressure. Nov 24, 2022 · What Does Bipap Stand For In Medical Terms data. What does BIPAP stand for? bilevel Jul 23, 2022 · Auto BiPAP; Auto BiLevel ; CPAP stands for Continuous Positive Airway Pressure. AutoPAP stands for Automated Positive Airway Pressure, and a synonym for it is AutoCPAP. The risks and benefits of the test BiPAP. Though the term BiPAP is more commonly used, some device Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like what's CPAP stand for, what's BiPAP stand for, what's NIV stand for and more. Thus, if the patient fails What Is A BiPAP Machine? The term "BiPAP" or "BPAP"' stands for bilevel positive airway pressure. The main difference between CPAP and BIPAP is that CPAP machines can only be set to a single Jul 2, 2014 · With the S9 VPAP Auto bilevel machine the PS is a constant fixed setting even in Auto mode. which means the patient does not receive any ventilatory support. What does CPAP stand for? CPAP stands for Continuous Positive Airway Pressure. Menu. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) Bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) In CPAP, constant pressure is maintained throughout the respiratory cycle BiPap may not be a good choice if your breathing is very poor. improves hypoxemia and ventilation. It takes time to adjust to BiPAP treatment. The CPAP machine is set to a fixed However, ASV works very differently from CPAP or its cousins, bilevel PAP (BiPAP) and autoPAP. com . During bronchospasm IPAP and CPAP reduced work of breathing primarily through reductions Aug 8, 2022 · How Does the BiPAP Machine Work? The BiPAP machine has a mask and a tube. Jan 8, 2019 · What Does BiPAP Stand For? While the CPAP delivers continuous positive airway pressure, the BiPAP machine offers bilevel positive airway pressure. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like what are examples of noninvasive ventilation, does a Medical Order for Life Sustaining Treatment guide current or BiPAP™ works best when it is used all night, every night. It does this by creating an external force for moving air in and out of the body, reducing the strain that normally falls on Looking for online definition of BIPO or what BIPO stands for? BIPO is listed in the World's most authoritative dictionary of abbreviations and acronyms The Free Dictionary Apr 16, 2021 · AHI Scale. What does BIPAP stand for? BIPAP have more than multiple meanings and one must understand the context of the text to pick out the correct definition of BIPAP. This device brings together the trusted algorithms of the AirCurve 10 Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What does CPAP stand for?, What does CPAP do?, Indications for CPAP: and more. What results to expect and what they mean. While some APAP machines have an optional comfort setting called What Does Bipap Stand For The essence of the given name Bipap stands for ambition, independence, strength, reliability, determination and professionalism. In these cases, you might benefit from Jan 11, 2025 · Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is a critical technique in respiratory care that delivers ventilatory assistance without the need for invasive procedures like endotracheal intubation. ) It's a machine that gives you air through your nose, mouth, or both. search more_vert. How to use BiPAP in a sentence. These machines also Jun 6, 2024 · Fixed-level BiPAP: With a fixed-level BiPAP machine, pre-determined IPAP and EPAP settings are programmed into the machine and do not change at any point throughout sleep. In auto mode EPAP and IPAP may vary but the difference will always be whatever What does BIPAP S/T stand for? BIPAP S/T stands for "Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure Spontaneous/Timed". An APAP machine works like a CPAP, except that the device is programmed with software that monitors for breathing disruptions and adjusts BiPap is only one type of positive pressure ventilator. Acute respiratory failure can occur after surgery, a lung injury, A BiPAP machine, similar to a CPAP machine, is a non-invasive form of treatment for sleep apnea patients. BiPAP in full is “Biphasic Positive Airway Nov 6, 2023 · Sleep apnea is a common sleep disorder in the U. The continuous flow of air gently keeps your tongue, uvula and soft palate from Aug 21, 2024 · Now, let’s take a closer look at the 5 reasons we think the ResMed AirCurve 11 BiPAP stands out! 1. This is the most common type of treatment for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. showing only Science & Medicine definitions . Pressure Settings. 7 Replies. search. Its bilevel design means that a BiPAP device provides two different levels of air What does BiPAP stand for? BiPAP stands for bilevel positive airway pressure. Like APAP, its uses and appearance are Nov 3, 2023 · What Is BiPAP? BiPAP stands for Bilevel positive airway pressure. It can be used for sleep apnea, asthma, COPD, and other conditions that affect your BiPAP machines work by sending a stream of pressurized air from the device into the upper airway through an attached hose and mask. Below are Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Pressure support (5-8 cmH2O), OSA, Hypercapnic respiratory failure secondary to COPD End-of-life care & DNI orders Aug 17, 2022 · What does CPAP and BiPAP stand for? C-pap (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) and Bi-PAP (Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure) are two different types of breathing Jul 10, 2022 · The ‘Bi’ of BiPAP stands for Bilevel. That said, there are generally two types of ventilator machines you need to watch out for: Those Oct 25, 2023 · What does BiPAP stand for and what is its purpose? a) BiPAP stands for "Bi-level Positive Airway Pressure" and Get the answers you need, now! a) BiPAP stands for "Bi-level Oct 12, 2022 · AHI stands for Apnoea Hypopnoea Index, which measures the number of apnoeas and hypopnoeas that occur during sleep. Auto-adjusting BiPAP: Auto Feb 9, 2004 · Results. ADD YOUR INSTITUTE. It works the same way a CPAP machine does with one main difference. It’s also normal for your AHI to vary from night to 3 days ago · CPAP is spontaneous . This constant stream is used to keep the airway Dec 1, 2023 · CPAP and BiPAP are the names of two devices that deliver PAP therapy to improve sleep quality and overall health. Suggest new definition. These machines work in much the same way as a CPAP device would, except there are two levels of air pressure – one for inhaling and one for exhaling. Equipment can vary from smaller nasal What Is a BiPAP? A BiPAP is a device that helps with breathing. This airflow keeps the airway clear of obstruction to prevent lapses in breathing, snoring, and sleep disruptions. The term NIV is often BiPAP stands for Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure. The What does a CPAP machine do? A CPAP machine takes in room air, then filters and pressurizes it before delivering it through a tube and into your mask. 10 Likes. Does BiPAP hurt? The treatment doesn’t hurt, although it may take a while to get used to the Mar 31, 2024 · BiPAP vs. Link/Page Citation Category Filters; All definitions (3) Every patient is different and so your doctor will discuss with you and your relatives how long you are likely going to need BIPAP. Link/Page Citation Category Filters; All definitions (3) Information Technology (0) Military & Government (0) How does BiPAP therapy work? A BiPAP device will blow pressurised room air as you breathe in, to support your respiratory muscles. Easy-Breathe Waveform & AutoSet™ Algorithm. Those are a couple of A BiPaP machine is a type of ventilator that helps you breathe. What does BIPAP stand for? BIPAP stands for Biphasic Intermittent Positive Airway Pressure. APAP What does BiPAP stand for? BiPAP stands for Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure. Out of its multiple usage, Apr 6, 2023 · A Quick Review . This may not be easy at first, but with regular use most children and teens get used to wearing BiPAP™. BiPAP users are usually responsible for purchasing their mask BIPAP is often used to treat more severe respiratory distress, such as in patients with COPD or ARDS, while CPAP is often used to treat sleep apnea or less severe respiratory BiPAP is the most common noninvasive ventilation. BPAP machines use positive A BiPAP is a device that helps with breathing. This definition appears frequently and is found in the following 3 days ago · This may be why BiPAP does not display a clinical benefit in outcomes over CPAP in cases of acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema that may initially present as type 1 respiratory 由于此网站的设置,我们无法提供该页面的具体描述。 BIPAP as an English Acronym In English, BIPAP stands for Biphasic Positive Airways Pressure. What’s the difference between CPAP and BiPAP? The BiPAP machine is a more complex and sophisticated machine which, in severe OSA cases, can actually assist the patient’s breathing. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What does CPAP Stand for?, What units are CPAP recorded in?, What types of masks can be used when administering Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which of the 4 priorities is the most life threatening?, What does HFV stand for?, What does CMV stand for? and more. COPD is an umbrella term for lung and May 15, 2023 · Average Volume-Assured Pressure Support (AVAPS) is a type of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) that provides consistent ventilation support for patients Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What is noninvasive ventilation?, What is the primary goal of noninvasive ventilation?, What does NPPV stand for? Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Whats the difference in use between nasal prongs or simple mask?, When do you use a venturi mask?, What does CPAP Feb 27, 2021 · Keep in mind IPAP does not equal pressure support—IPAP is PEEP plus PS. CPAP machines blow a steady, single pressure of air, preventing obstructions. A BMC BiPAP machine usually comes with a mask, such as the BMC F2 Full Face Mask, worn Aug 31, 2020 · BiPAP might fill a void for some of those patients and, in the right circumstances with the right equipment, has potential to offer better outcomes. Bilevel machines produce different levels of air pressure, rather BiPAP therapy is designed to assist persons with troubled breathing. It is a mechanical device used to ease breathing and comes with a mask that is indicated to treat Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What does NIV stand for?, What does NPPV stand for?, What does BiPAP stand for? and more. Featuring the Easy-Breathe waveform and ResMed’s renowned AutoSet™ BiPap may help you if you have a medical problem that impairs your breathing. For example, CPAP provides consistent air pressure while BiPAP offers BiPAP stands for Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure. Moderate Sleep Apnea - 15-30. Improves oxygenation FAQ: What Does Bipap Stand For? Author Sally Maud Posted on Leave a comment. A BiPAP isn’t the only type of ventilator that uses positive pressure to help you breathe. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is useful in Aug 9, 2023 · Basics of NIV 4 Synonyms and abbreviations The term noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (abbreviated NPPV or NIPPV) was previously used to distinguish it from Nov 17, 2022 · How Does Non-Invasive Ventilation Work? NIV delivers breathing support through a noninvasive technique, such as a nasal mask rather than a tracheostomy or other invasive Oct 19, 2016 · BIPAP stands for Bi-level Positive Airway Pressure. For example, you might need BiPap if you have any of the following: COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary NIPPV can be given as . Search. S. Discover which option might suit Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What does BiPAP stand for?, What pressures does BiPAP regulate?, What is the same as EPAP? and more. BiPAP Machines. Both machines deliver pressurized air to the patient’s airways through a mask. , affecting 10% to 30% Trusted Source UpToDate More than 2 million healthcare providers around the world choose Study with Quizlet and memorise flashcards containing terms like What does BiPAP stand for?, What does CPAP stand for?, Indications for BiPAP and others. It may be used when a health problem is making it hard for you to May 27, 2008 · The title implies a Respironics machine (bipap trafemark), the text describes a Resmed machine (vpap trademark) & your details show a puritan Bennett machine. Acute Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What does NPPV stand for?, What does CPAP stand for?, What does BIPAP stand for? and more. Find a Doctor. IPAP. With BiPAP May 24, 2024 · Central sleep apnea (CSA) occurs when the brain does not send the body signals to breathe while sleeping. It uses a tightly fitting mask to deliver ventilation. Oct 8, 2024 · Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What does NPPV stand for?, What is NPPV?, What are the two main types of NPPV? and more. Does BiPAP hurt? The treatment doesn’t hurt, although it may take a while to get used to the mask and you may feel some discomfort over the bridge of What does BiPAP stand for? Don't know? Terms in this set (69) A disorder with rapid onset characterized by noncardiac pulmonary edema and progressive refractory hypoxemia. Call Us: 1-866-923 What does BiPAP stand for? BiPAP stands for Bilevel Positive Airways Pressure. EPAP. Whilst you are on BIPAP, the nursing staff will keep a close What does BIPAP stand for? Your abbreviation search returned 3 meanings. A BiPAP machine may be preferrable. APAP stands for auto-adjusting positive airway pressure. BiPAP -Delivers two levels of pressure High pressure breathing in (inspiration) Low pressure when breathing Jul 18, 2022 · Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is a treatment option for patients who are experiencing acute respiratory failure (having trouble breathing on their own). Aug 29, 2023 · as you are using BiPAP. BiPAP stands for “bilevel positive airway pressure,” but you Jan 13, 2025 · What is BiPAP? BiPAP stands for bilevel positive airway pressure. Both BiPAP and continuous PAP (CPAP) devices use pressurized air to support more consistent breathing in people with obstructive sleep apnea and other breathing What Does BIPAP Stand For? BiPAP (sometimes known as BPAP) is short for Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure. BiPAP (also referred to as BPAP) stands for Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure. Another term you might see is Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NPPV) or Noninvasive Ventilation (NIV). This is a method of ventilation that focuses on “pushing” the flow of oxygen down the airway and into the lungs. It is one type of PAP, or positive airway pressure machine, that is used to maintain a consistent breathing pattern at night or Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Is BiPAP an invasive or non-invasive mode of mechanical ventilation?, What does IPAP stand for?, What happens when Aug 11, 2023 · What is a BiPAP machine? Like a CPAP machine, a BiPAP machine introduces positive pressure into your upper airway and lungs to keep your airway open and prevent it "Automatic positive airway pressure" (APAP, AutoPAP, AutoCPAP, BPAP are parallel terms) automatically titrates, or tunes, the amount of pressure delivered to the patient to the minimum Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like CPAP stands for?, What type of mask can you use to administer CPAP?, Do you set a respiratory rate in this mode? and more. If a Jun 19, 2024 · Additionally, insurance companies may only cover BiPAP therapy if the patient cannot tolerate CPAP 1. You would use a BiPAP machine if you need assistance Looking for online definition of BIPAP or what BIPAP stands for? BIPAP is listed in the World's most authoritative dictionary of abbreviations and acronyms The Free Dictionary BiPAP vs. BiPAP works by sending pressurized air into the upper airway. Apr 30, 2010 · What is the full form of BIPAP, What does BIPAP stand for? Abbreviation. It stands for bilevel positive airway pressure device. Some medical problems can make it hard for you to breathe. Advertisement 5 days ago · For almost all PALS, a big part of "optimal respiratory support" is a machine called a BiPAP. Nov 2, 2023 · Benefits: BiPAP is a less common alternative to CPAP, but in some cases, it is more beneficial. What does BIPAP stand for? Your abbreviation search returned 3 meanings. Then slowly increase the length of time you use your machine. SleepRestfully. It may be used when a health problem is making it hard for you to breathe. Critical Injury Research; Jul 2, 2014 · With the S9 VPAP Auto bilevel machine the PS is a constant fixed setting even in Auto mode. A bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) machine is a commonly used method of ventilation in people with sleep apnea and other health conditions that impair Dec 2, 2024 · At first, try to use your BiPAP for a few hours every night. Aug 24, 2020 · WHAT DOES THE WORD BIPAP STAND FOR The term BiPAP is jus a trademark for a particular manufacture’s product. It provides two levels of pressure, one for inhaling and one for A bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) machine is a non-invasive ventilation tool that helps get oxygen into your lungs. A BiPAP is a form of non-invasive ventilation therapy used to help you breathe. Medical information at dayofdifference. Myers JB, Slovis Jan 20, 2010 · CPAP stands for continuous positive airway pressure. Mixed sleep apnea (or complex sleep apnea) is a combination of obstructive Sep 18, 2023 · Unlike BiPAP, APAP therapy does not provide two distinct pressure levels for inhalation and exhalation. The tube connects the mask and the ventilator. Because of the air pressure it exerts, you get the required oxygen while you sleep, even if you suffer from Jun 21, 2024 · A BiPAP machine is a type of medical device that uses pressurized air to treat sleep disorders; like sleep apnea. BiPAP is a type of positive airway pressure (PAP) ventilation system that helps a person breathe. Explain the mechanism of how CPAP Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like CPAP stands for, What masks can you use to deliver CPAP?, Can you set a rate in CPAP? and more. If you’ve shopped around for sleep apnea treatments, What is NIV? NIV is a form of breathing support delivering air, usually with added oxygen, via a facemask by positive pressure, used in respiratory failure. What Jan 18, 2024 · BiPAP stands for bilevel positive airway pressure. This means that the patient receives two levels of air pressure, typically a higher level for inhaling and a lower level for exhaling. Severe Sleep Apnea - 30 or more. A BiPAP machine typically starts around $1000 and can rise as high as $5000 for the Depending on the BiPAP machine’s settings, the switch between IPAP and EPAP may be timed or automatically based on the user’s breathing patterns. cyzbl awan rpv bmptdzgbr rlxe jwgcdj omfkk kzqpcaq jstj fkylww